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java 由字符串构成的二叉树
java构造二叉树,可以通过链表来构造,如下代码:
public class BinTree {public final static int MAX=40;BinTree []elements = new BinTree[MAX];//层次遍历时保存各个节点 int front;//层次遍历时队首 int rear;//层次遍历时队尾private Object data; //数据元数private BinTree left,right; //指向左,右孩子结点的链public BinTree(){}public BinTree(Object data){ //构造有值结点 this.data = data; left = right = null;}public BinTree(Object data,BinTree left,BinTree right){ //构造有值结点 this.data = data; this.left = left; this.right = right;}public String toString(){ return data.toString();}//前序遍历二叉树public static void preOrder(BinTree parent){ if(parent == null) return; System.out.print(parent.data+" "); preOrder(parent.left); preOrder(parent.right);}//中序遍历二叉树public void inOrder(BinTree parent){ if(parent == null) return; inOrder(parent.left); System.out.print(parent.data+" "); inOrder(parent.right);}//后序遍历二叉树public void postOrder(BinTree parent){ if(parent == null) return; postOrder(parent.left); postOrder(parent.right); System.out.print(parent.data+" ");}// 层次遍历二叉树 public void LayerOrder(BinTree parent){ elements[0]=parent; front=0;rear=1; while(frontrear) { try { if(elements[front].data!=null) { System.out.print(elements[front].data + " "); if(elements[front].left!=null) elements[rear++]=elements[front].left; if(elements[front].right!=null) elements[rear++]=elements[front].right; front++; } }catch(Exception e){break;} }}//返回树的叶节点个数public int leaves(){ if(this == null) return 0; if(left == nullright == null) return 1; return (left == null ? 0 : left.leaves())+(right == null ? 0 : right.leaves());}//结果返回树的高度public int height(){ int heightOfTree; if(this == null) return -1; int leftHeight = (left == null ? 0 : left.height()); int rightHeight = (right == null ? 0 : right.height()); heightOfTree = leftHeightrightHeight?rightHeight:leftHeight; return 1 + heightOfTree;}//如果对象不在树中,结果返回-1;否则结果返回该对象在树中所处的层次,规定根节点为第一层public int level(Object object){ int levelInTree; if(this == null) return -1; if(object == data) return 1;//规定根节点为第一层 int leftLevel = (left == null?-1:left.level(object)); int rightLevel = (right == null?-1:right.level(object)); if(leftLevel0rightLevel0) return -1; levelInTree = leftLevelrightLevel?rightLevel:leftLevel; return 1+levelInTree; }//将树中的每个节点的孩子对换位置public void reflect(){ if(this == null) return; if(left != null) left.reflect(); if(right != null) right.reflect(); BinTree temp = left; left = right; right = temp;}// 将树中的所有节点移走,并输出移走的节点public void defoliate(){ if(this == null) return; //若本节点是叶节点,则将其移走 if(left==nullright == null) { System.out.print(this + " "); data = null; return; } //移走左子树若其存在 if(left!=null){ left.defoliate(); left = null; } //移走本节点,放在中间表示中跟移走... String innerNode += this + " "; data = null; //移走右子树若其存在 if(right!=null){ right.defoliate(); right = null; }} /*** @param args*/public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub BinTree e = new BinTree("E"); BinTree g = new BinTree("G"); BinTree h = new BinTree("H"); BinTree i = new BinTree("I"); BinTree d = new BinTree("D",null,g); BinTree f = new BinTree("F",h,i); BinTree b = new BinTree("B",d,e); BinTree c = new BinTree("C",f,null); BinTree tree = new BinTree("A",b,c); System.out.println("前序遍历二叉树结果: "); tree.preOrder(tree); System.out.println(); System.out.println("中序遍历二叉树结果: "); tree.inOrder(tree); System.out.println(); System.out.println("后序遍历二叉树结果: "); tree.postOrder(tree); System.out.println(); System.out.println("层次遍历二叉树结果: "); tree.LayerOrder(tree); System.out.println(); System.out.println("F所在的层次: "+tree.level("F")); System.out.println("这棵二叉树的高度: "+tree.height()); System.out.println("--------------------------------------"); tree.reflect(); System.out.println("交换每个节点的孩子节点后......"); System.out.println("前序遍历二叉树结果: "); tree.preOrder(tree); System.out.println(); System.out.println("中序遍历二叉树结果: "); tree.inOrder(tree); System.out.println(); System.out.println("后序遍历二叉树结果: "); tree.postOrder(tree); System.out.println(); System.out.println("层次遍历二叉树结果: "); tree.LayerOrder(tree); System.out.println(); System.out.println("F所在的层次: "+tree.level("F")); System.out.println("这棵二叉树的高度: "+tree.height());
java实现二叉树层次遍历
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class TreeNode {
private TreeNode leftNode;
private TreeNode rightNode;
private String nodeName;
public TreeNode getLeftNode() {
return leftNode;
}
public void setLeftNode(TreeNode leftNode) {
this.leftNode = leftNode;
}
public TreeNode getRightNode() {
return rightNode;
}
public void setRightNode(TreeNode rightNode) {
this.rightNode = rightNode;
}
public String getNodeName() {
return nodeName;
}
public void setNodeName(String nodeName) {
this.nodeName = nodeName;
}
public static int level=0;
public static void findNodeByLevel(ArrayListTreeNode nodes){
if(nodes==null||nodes.size()==0){
return ;
}
level++;
ArrayListTreeNode temp = new ArrayList();
for(TreeNode node:nodes){
System.out.println("第"+level+"层:"+node.getNodeName());
if(node.getLeftNode()!=null){
temp.add(node.getLeftNode());
}
if(node.getRightNode()!=null){
temp.add(node.getRightNode());
}
}
nodes.removeAll(nodes);
findNodeByLevel(temp);
}
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
TreeNode root = new TreeNode();
root.setNodeName("root");
TreeNode node1 = new TreeNode();
node1.setNodeName("node1");
TreeNode node3 = new TreeNode();
node3.setNodeName("node3");
TreeNode node7 = new TreeNode();
node7.setNodeName("node7");
TreeNode node8 = new TreeNode();
node8.setNodeName("node8");
TreeNode node4 = new TreeNode();
node4.setNodeName("node4");
TreeNode node2 = new TreeNode();
node2.setNodeName("node2");
TreeNode node5 = new TreeNode();
node5.setNodeName("node5");
TreeNode node6 = new TreeNode();
node6.setNodeName("node6");
root.setLeftNode(node1);
node1.setLeftNode(node3);
node3.setLeftNode(node7);
node3.setRightNode(node8);
node1.setRightNode(node4);
root.setRightNode(node2);
node2.setLeftNode(node5);
node2.setRightNode(node6);
ArrayListTreeNode nodes = new ArrayListTreeNode();
nodes.add(root);
findNodeByLevel(nodes);
}
}
java中把数组以二叉树形式打印出来
你说的意思应该是用数组的方式存储二叉树,这需要利用到完全二叉树的性质,
,完全二叉树通常采用数组而不是链表存储,其存储结构如下:
var
tree:array[1..n]of
longint;{n:integer;n=1}
对于tree[i],有如下特点:
(1)若i为奇数且i1,那么tree的左兄弟为tree[i-1];
(2)若i为偶数且in,那么tree的右兄弟为tree[i+1];
(3)若i1,tree的双亲为tree[i
div
2];
(4)若2*i=n,那么tree的左孩子为tree[2*i];若2*i+1=n,那么tree的右孩子为tree[2*i+1];
(5)若in
div
2,那么tree[i]为叶子结点(对应于(3));
(6)若i(n-1)
div
2.那么tree[i]必有两个孩子(对应于(4))。
(7)满二叉树一定是完全二叉树,完全二叉树不一定是满二叉树。
完全二叉树第i层至多有2^(i-1)个节点,共i层的完全二叉树最多有2^i-1个节点。
代码简单,网上很多,不懂也可以问我
java构建二叉树算法
//******************************************************************************************************//
//*****本程序包括简单的二叉树类的实现和前序,中序,后序,层次遍历二叉树算法,*******//
//******以及确定二叉树的高度,制定对象在树中的所处层次以及将树中的左右***********//
//******孩子节点对换位置,返回叶子节点个数删除叶子节点,并输出所删除的叶子节点**//
//*******************************CopyRight By phoenix*******************************************//
//************************************Jan 12,2008*************************************************//
//****************************************************************************************************//
public class BinTree {
public final static int MAX=40;
private Object data; //数据元数
private BinTree left,right; //指向左,右孩子结点的链
BinTree []elements = new BinTree[MAX];//层次遍历时保存各个节点
int front;//层次遍历时队首
int rear;//层次遍历时队尾
public BinTree()
{
}
public BinTree(Object data)
{ //构造有值结点
this.data = data;
left = right = null;
}
public BinTree(Object data,BinTree left,BinTree right)
{ //构造有值结点
this.data = data;
this.left = left;
this.right = right;
}
public String toString()
{
return data.toString();
}//前序遍历二叉树
public static void preOrder(BinTree parent){
if(parent == null)
return;
System.out.print(parent.data+" ");
preOrder(parent.left);
preOrder(parent.right);
}//中序遍历二叉树
public void inOrder(BinTree parent){
if(parent == null)
return;
inOrder(parent.left);
System.out.print(parent.data+" ");
inOrder(parent.right);
}//后序遍历二叉树
public void postOrder(BinTree parent){
if(parent == null)
return;
postOrder(parent.left);
postOrder(parent.right);
System.out.print(parent.data+" ");
}// 层次遍历二叉树
public void LayerOrder(BinTree parent)
{
elements[0]=parent;
front=0;rear=1;
while(frontrear)
{
try
{
if(elements[front].data!=null)
{
System.out.print(elements[front].data + " ");
if(elements[front].left!=null)
elements[rear++]=elements[front].left;
if(elements[front].right!=null)
elements[rear++]=elements[front].right;
front++;
}
}catch(Exception e){break;}
}
}//返回树的叶节点个数
public int leaves()
{
if(this == null)
return 0;
if(left == nullright == null)
return 1;
return (left == null ? 0 : left.leaves())+(right == null ? 0 : right.leaves());
}//结果返回树的高度
public int height()
{
int heightOfTree;
if(this == null)
return -1;
int leftHeight = (left == null ? 0 : left.height());
int rightHeight = (right == null ? 0 : right.height());
heightOfTree = leftHeightrightHeight?rightHeight:leftHeight;
return 1 + heightOfTree;
}
//如果对象不在树中,结果返回-1;否则结果返回该对象在树中所处的层次,规定根节点为第一层
public int level(Object object)
{
int levelInTree;
if(this == null)
return -1;
if(object == data)
return 1;//规定根节点为第一层
int leftLevel = (left == null?-1:left.level(object));
int rightLevel = (right == null?-1:right.level(object));
if(leftLevel0rightLevel0)
return -1;
levelInTree = leftLevelrightLevel?rightLevel:leftLevel;
return 1+levelInTree;
}
//将树中的每个节点的孩子对换位置
public void reflect()
{
if(this == null)
return;
if(left != null)
left.reflect();
if(right != null)
right.reflect();
BinTree temp = left;
left = right;
right = temp;
}// 将树中的所有节点移走,并输出移走的节点
public void defoliate()
{
String innerNode = "";
if(this == null)
return;
//若本节点是叶节点,则将其移走
if(left==nullright == null)
{
System.out.print(this + " ");
data = null;
return;
}
//移走左子树若其存在
if(left!=null){
left.defoliate();
left = null;
}
//移走本节点,放在中间表示中跟移走...
innerNode += this + " ";
data = null;
//移走右子树若其存在
if(right!=null){
right.defoliate();
right = null;
}
}
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
BinTree e = new BinTree("E");
BinTree g = new BinTree("G");
BinTree h = new BinTree("H");
BinTree i = new BinTree("I");
BinTree d = new BinTree("D",null,g);
BinTree f = new BinTree("F",h,i);
BinTree b = new BinTree("B",d,e);
BinTree c = new BinTree("C",f,null);
BinTree tree = new BinTree("A",b,c);
System.out.println("前序遍历二叉树结果: ");
tree.preOrder(tree);
System.out.println();
System.out.println("中序遍历二叉树结果: ");
tree.inOrder(tree);
System.out.println();
System.out.println("后序遍历二叉树结果: ");
tree.postOrder(tree);
System.out.println();
System.out.println("层次遍历二叉树结果: ");
tree.LayerOrder(tree);
System.out.println();
System.out.println("F所在的层次: "+tree.level("F"));
System.out.println("这棵二叉树的高度: "+tree.height());
System.out.println("--------------------------------------");
tree.reflect();
System.out.println("交换每个节点的孩子节点后......");
System.out.println("前序遍历二叉树结果: ");
tree.preOrder(tree);
System.out.println();
System.out.println("中序遍历二叉树结果: ");
tree.inOrder(tree);
System.out.println();
System.out.println("后序遍历二叉树结果: ");
tree.postOrder(tree);
System.out.println();
System.out.println("层次遍历二叉树结果: ");
tree.LayerOrder(tree);
System.out.println();
System.out.println("F所在的层次: "+tree.level("F"));
System.out.println("这棵二叉树的高度: "+tree.height());
}
java如何创建一颗二叉树
计算机科学中,二叉树是每个结点最多有两个子树的有序树。通常子树的根被称作“左子树”(left
subtree)和“右子树”(right
subtree)。二叉树常被用作二叉查找树和二叉堆或是二叉排序树。
二叉树的每个结点至多只有二棵子树(不存在度大于2的结点),二叉树的子树有左右之分,次序不能颠倒。二叉树的第i层至多有2的
i
-1次方个结点;深度为k的二叉树至多有2^(k)
-1个结点;对任何一棵二叉树T,如果其终端结点数(即叶子结点数)为n0,度为2的结点数为n2,则n0
=
n2
+
1。
树是由一个或多个结点组成的有限集合,其中:
⒈必有一个特定的称为根(ROOT)的结点;
二叉树
⒉剩下的结点被分成n=0个互不相交的集合T1、T2、......Tn,而且,
这些集合的每一个又都是树。树T1、T2、......Tn被称作根的子树(Subtree)。
树的递归定义如下:(1)至少有一个结点(称为根)(2)其它是互不相交的子树
1.树的度——也即是宽度,简单地说,就是结点的分支数。以组成该树各结点中最大的度作为该树的度,如上图的树,其度为2;树中度为零的结点称为叶结点或终端结点。树中度不为零的结点称为分枝结点或非终端结点。除根结点外的分枝结点统称为内部结点。
2.树的深度——组成该树各结点的最大层次。
3.森林——指若干棵互不相交的树的集合,如上图,去掉根结点A,其原来的二棵子树T1、T2、T3的集合{T1,T2,T3}就为森林;
4.有序树——指树中同层结点从左到右有次序排列,它们之间的次序不能互换,这样的树称为有序树,否则称为无序树。
树的表示
树的表示方法有许多,常用的方法是用括号:先将根结点放入一对圆括号中,然后把它的子树由左至右的顺序放入括号中,而对子树也采用同样的方法处理;同层子树与它的根结点用圆括号括起来,同层子树之间用逗号隔开,最后用闭括号括起来。如右图可写成如下形式:
二叉树
(a(
b(d,e),
c(
f(
,g(h,i)
),
)))