Kivy 是 Python 中的图形用户界面工具，与平台无关。使用 Kivy 开发的应用可以在 IOS、Windows、Linux 和 Android 操作系统上使用。Kivy 工具在为 Android 操作系统开发应用时的基本用途，但它也可以用于开发桌面应用。
微调器小部件:
用户可以使用以下命令导入 kivy 库中的微调器小部件:
from kivy.uix.spinner import Spinner
微调器小部件用于从集合中选择一个值。在默认状态下，微调器显示其当前选定的值。当用户单击微调器时，它会显示一个下拉菜单，显示用户可以从中选择的所有其他可用值。
像组合框一样，微调器小部件也用于向用户提供多项选择选项，以选择其菜单中的任何一项。用户还可以向微调器小部件附加一个回调，用于接收关于从小部件菜单中选择值的通知。
方法:
- 步骤 1: 我们将导入 kivy
- 步骤 2: 我们将导入 kivyApp
- 步骤 3: 我们将导入标签
- 第 4 步:我们将导入微调器
- 步骤 5: 我们将导入浮动布局
- 第 6 步:我们将设置最低版本(此步骤可选)
- 第 7 步:我们将创建一个 App 类:
- 首先，我们将创建微调器
- 然后，我们将标签贴在旋转器上
- 然后，我们将附加一个回调
- 第八步:我们将返回布局/小部件/类(根据需求)
- 第 9 步:我们将运行类的实例。
示例:
from kivy.config import Config
# In this code:
# 0 means off
# 1 means ON
# Here, we can also use 0 or 1 && True or False
Config.set('graphics', 'resizable', True)
# Here, we are writing a program for Showing how to create a switch
# first, we will import the kivy module
import kivy
# the, base Class of our Application is inherited from the App class.
# app will refers to the instance of our application
from kivy.app import App as app1
# this will limit the kivy version that means
# below this kivy version we cannot
# use the application or software
kivy.require('1.9.0')
# The Label widget is for rendering text.
from kivy.uix.label import Label as lab
# Now, we will import the spinner widget
from kivy.uix.spinner import Spinner as spin
# This module consist the float layout
# for working with FloatLayout
# we have to import it first
from kivy.uix.floatlayout import FloatLayout as fl
# Now, we will create an Application by deriving from the App class
class Spinner_example(app1):
# now we will define build
def build_1(self):
# here, we will create floatlayout
layout = fl()
# then, we will create the spinner
# first, we will configure spinner object and then add it to the layout
self.spinnerObject = spin(text = "Option 1",
values = ("Option 1", "Option 2", "Option 3", "Option 4", "Option 5", "Option 6"),
background_color =(0.784, 0.443, 0.216, 1))
self.spinnerObject.size_hint = (0.3, 0.2)
self.spinnerObject.pos_hint ={'x': .35, 'y':.75}
layout.add_widget(self.spinnerObject)
# return the layout
return layout;
# for, Running the application
if __name__ == '__main__':
Spinner_example().run()
输出:
图像 1:
图像 2:
现在，我们必须显示菜单列表中当前选择了哪个选项。我们可以在微调器小部件旁边显示标签。
例 2:
from kivy.config import Config
# In this code:
# 0 means off
# 1 means ON
# Here, we can also use 0 or 1 && True or False
Config.set('graphics', 'resizable', True)
# Here, we are writing a program for Showing how to create a switch
# first, we will import the kivy module
import kivy
# the, base Class of our Application is inherited from the App class.
# app will refers to the instance of our application
from kivy.app import App as app1
# this will limit the kivy version that means
# below this kivy version we cannot
# use the application or software
kivy.require('1.9.0')
# The Label widget is for rendering text.
from kivy.uix.label import Label as lab
# Now, we will import the spinner widget
from kivy.uix.spinner import Spinner as spin
# This module consist the float layout
# for working with FloatLayout
# we have to import it first
from kivy.uix.floatlayout import FloatLayout as fl
# Now, we will create an Application by deriving from the App class
class Spinner_example(app1):
# now we will define build
def build_1(self):
# here, we will create floatlayout
layout = fl()
# then, we will create the spinner
# first, we will configure spinner object and then add it to the layout
self.spinObject = spin(text = "Option 1",
values = ("Option 1", "Option 2", "Option 3", "Option 4", "Option 5", "Option 6"),
background_color =(0.784, 0.443, 0.216, 1))
self.spinObject.size_hint = (0.3, 0.2)
self.spinObject.pos_hint ={'x': .35, 'y':.75}
layout.add_widget(self.spinObject)
self.spinObject.bind(text = self.on_spinner_select)
# It will change the label information as well
# It will add a label displaying the selection from the spinner
self.spinSelection = Label(text = "Selected value in spinner widegt is: %s"
%self.spinObject.text)
layout.add_widget(self.spinSelection)
self.spinSelection.pos_hint ={'x': .1, 'y':.3}
return layout;
# call back for the selection in spinner object
def on_spinner_select(self, spin, text):
self.spinSelection.text = ("Selected value in spinner widget is: %s" %self.spinObject.text)
print('The spinner widget', spin, 'have text', text)
# Run the app
if __name__ == '__main__':
Spinner_example().run()
输出:
图像 1:
图像 2:
结论
在本教程中，我们已经讨论了在 Python 应用中实现 kivy 库的微调器小部件，为用户提供从菜单中选择元素的选项。
