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提升网页用户体验的技巧

在当今互联网时代,用户体验越来越受到重视,网页设计和开发也需要更注重用户体验方面的细节。合理的网页设计和开发可以提高网站的用户体验,增加用户粘性和流量。下面从多个方面来介绍如何提升网页用户体验。

一、页面加载速度

用户进入网页的第一印象往往是页面加载速度,过慢的页面加载速度会给用户带来糟糕的体验。针对这一问题,开发者需要从以下几个方面来考虑:

1、优化图片:尽量使用合适的图片格式来减小图片大小,压缩图片文件。

/* css代码 */
img{
    max-width: 100%;
    width: auto;
    height: auto;
}

2、缓存:使用浏览器缓存来减少对服务器的请求,从而提升页面加载速度。

/* html代码 */

  

//或者
/* htaccess代码 */
## Expires Headers - 1 Year ##

Header set Cache-Control "max-age=2678400, public"

  

3、压缩代码:通过代码压缩工具来压缩HTML、CSS和Javascript代码,减小代码文件大小,从而提升页面加载速度。如HTML Minifier、CSS Nano 和 UglifyJS。

二、响应式设计

如今移动设备是人们离不开的工具,而网页也需要兼顾不同设备的展示效果。因此,在设计和开发网页时,需要考虑响应式设计。响应式设计可以让网页在不同的设备上都有良好的展示效果。下面是一些响应式设计的评价标准:

1、图片和文本自适应缩放

/* css代码 */
img{
    max-width: 100%;
    width: auto;
    height: auto;
}

2、使用媒体查询来适配不同的设备

/* css代码 */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    /* 适配移动设备 */
    body { font-size: 16px; }
}
  
@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px) {
    /* 适配平板 */
    body { font-size: 18px; }
}
  
@media (min-width: 1024px) {
    /* 适配桌面 */
    body { font-size: 20px; }
}

3、使用Bootstrap等框架

/* html代码 */

  
Here is my content
Here is my content

三、良好的导航和布局

良好的导航可以让用户更好地浏览和使用网站,而优秀的布局可以让网页更加美观和易于阅读。

1、通过Breadcrumbs导航更好地指示用户位置

/* html代码 */

  

2、使用合适的字体和布局

/* css代码 */
body{
    font-family: Arial, "微软雅黑", sans-serif;
    font-size: 16px;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.container{
    max-width: 940px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 10px;
}

3、设计良好的色彩搭配

/* css代码 */
body{
    color: #333;
    background-color: #fff;
}
  
a{
    color: #f60;
    text-decoration: none;
}
  
a:hover{
    color: #999;
}

四、交互和反馈

良好的交互和反馈可以让用户更易于使用网站。

1、通过hover效果提供更多信息

/* css代码 */
a:hover{
    color: #999;
    text-decoration: underline;
    cursor: pointer;
}
  
.tooltip{
    position: relative;
    display: inline-block;
}
  
.tooltip:hover .tooltiptext{
    visibility: visible;
}
  
.tooltiptext{
    visibility: hidden;
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 100%;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    background-color: #333;
    color: #fff;
    padding: 5px 10px;
    white-space: nowrap; 
}

2、表单输入的提示信息

/* css代码 */
input[type="text"]{
    border: 1px solid #dcdcdc;
    padding: 6px 10px;
}
  
input[type="text"]:focus{
    border-color: #f60;
}
  
.tooltip{
    position: relative;
    display: inline-block;
}
  
.tooltip:hover .tooltiptext{
    visibility: visible;
}
  
.tooltiptext{
    visibility: hidden;
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 100%;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    background-color: #333;
    color: #fff;
    padding: 5px 10px;
    white-space: nowrap; 
}

3、错误提示信息

/* css代码 */
.error {
    color: #ff462f;
    font-size: 12px;
}
  
.success{
    color: #29bb9c;
    font-size: 12px;
}

总结

本篇文章介绍了如何通过优化页面加载速度、响应式设计、良好的导航和布局、以及交互和反馈来提高网页的用户体验。在实际的开发过程中,需要针对具体的需求来选择和运用上述技巧。通过不断地优化,可以提高网页的用户体验,让用户更加享受浏览网页的乐趣。

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when-present<#else>when-missing. (These only cover the last step of the expression; to cover the whole expression, use parenthesis: (myOptionalVar.foo)!myDefault, (myOptionalVar.foo)?? ---- ---- FTL stack trace ("~" means nesting-related): - Failed at: ${item.id} [in template "article/detail/index.ftl" at line 48, column 106] ---- Java stack trace (for programmers): ---- freemarker.core.InvalidReferenceException: [... Exception message was already printed; see it above ...] at freemarker.core.InvalidReferenceException.getInstance(InvalidReferenceException.java:134) at freemarker.core.EvalUtil.coerceModelToTextualCommon(EvalUtil.java:481) at freemarker.core.EvalUtil.coerceModelToStringOrMarkup(EvalUtil.java:401) at freemarker.core.EvalUtil.coerceModelToStringOrMarkup(EvalUtil.java:370) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.calculateInterpolatedStringOrMarkup(DollarVariable.java:104) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.accept(DollarVariable.java:63) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:371) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock$IterationContext.executedNestedContentForCollOrSeqListing(IteratorBlock.java:321) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock$IterationContext.executeNestedContent(IteratorBlock.java:271) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock$IterationContext.accept(IteratorBlock.java:244) at freemarker.core.Environment.visitIteratorBlock(Environment.java:645) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock.acceptWithResult(IteratorBlock.java:108) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock.accept(IteratorBlock.java:94) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:335) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:341) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:341) at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:314) at freemarker.template.Template.process(Template.java:383) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.processTemplate(FreeMarkerView.java:332) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.doRender(FreeMarkerView.java:266) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.renderMergedTemplateModel(FreeMarkerView.java:220) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractTemplateView.renderMergedOutputModel(AbstractTemplateView.java:181) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:314) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1431) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1167) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1106) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:979) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1014) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:903) at jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:564) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:885) at jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:658) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:205) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:51) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at com.software.filter.HttpSpiderIdentifyFilter.doFilter(HttpSpiderIdentifyFilter.java:51) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:100) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:93) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:201) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:167) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:90) at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:482) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:115) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:93) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:74) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:340) at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:391) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:63) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:896) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1744) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:52) at java.base/java.lang.VirtualThread.run(VirtualThread.java:309)