一、下载安装文件
在开始安装Geant4之前,需要先从Geant4官方网站上下载安装文件。
1、首先打开Geant4官网(http://geant4.web.cern.ch/geant4/support/download.shtml)
2、在下载页面中,选择适合自己电脑操作系统和版本的安装文件,然后点击下载。
3、下载完成后,将下载的文件解压缩到本地的目录下,比如"C:\Geant4\"。
二、编译和安装
一旦下载并解压缩了Geant4安装文件,则需要编译和安装。
1、进入解压缩后的目录,比如"C:\Geant4\geant4.X.X.X\"。
2、现在开始编译Geant4,使用以下命令:
$ %%% mkdir build $ %%% cd build $ %%% cmake -DGEANT4_INSTALL_DATA=ON -DGEANT4_USE_SYSTEM_CLHEP=ON -DCLHEP_ROOT_DIR=/your/path/to/clhep-install-dir ../. $ %%% make -jN $ %%% make install
3、编译和安装完成之后,需要配置Geant4的环境变量,使用以下命令:
$ %%% cd /path/to/geant4-install-dir $ %%% source ./bin/geant4.sh
三、测试安装
1、通过以下命令测试Geant4是否可正常运行:
$ %%% cd /your/path/to/geant4/examples/basic/B1/ $ %%% mkdir build $ %%% cd build $ %%% cmake ../ $ %%% make -jN $ %%% ./exampleB1
2、如果输出如下,则说明Geant4安装成功:
...... Event 0: Ekin = 100 keV (Black) PixelID = 12345 (Green) PixelID = 23456 ......
四、常见安装问题
1、编译错误:
CMakeDependentOption warning: Variable OPENGL_gl_LIBRARY has no c Variable OPENGL_glu_LIBRARY has no cmake_dependent_option entry CMake Warning (dev) at /path/to/clhep-install-dir/lib/CLHEP-2.3.4.0/cmake/CLHEPConfig.cmake: Policy CMP0043 is not set: Ignore COMPILE_DEFINITIONS__ properties. Run "cmake --help-policy CMP0043" for policy details. Use the cmake_policy command to set the policy and suppress this warning. The COMPILE_DEFINITIONS property for targets explicitly defined in a build directory should be pushed to all targets which depend on them so that they all see the same compile definitions, regardless of sub-directory boundaries. Affected targets are: exampleB2 exampleN01 exampleN02 exampleN03 exampleN04 exampleN05 exampleN06 exampleN07 exampleN08 exampleN09 exampleN10 exampleN11 exampleN12 exampleN13 exampleN14 exampleN15 exampleN16 exampleN17 exampleN18 exampleN19 exampleN20 exampleN21 exampleN22 exampleN23 exampleN24 exampleN25 exampleN26 exampleN27 exampleN28 exampleN29 exampleN30 exampleN31 exampleN32 exampleN33 exampleN34 exampleN35 exampleRMC exampleLXe exampleTestEPDL exampleTestParticles unitTestDcmman Call Stack (most recent call first): /path/to/geant4.10.06.p02.build/CMakeFiles/3.9.6/CMakeDetermineCompilerId.cmake:367 (include) /path/to/geant4.10.06.p02.build/CMakeFiles/3.9.6/CMakeSystem.cmake:83 (CMAKE_DETERMINE_COMPILER_ID_BUILD) CMakeLists.txt:2 (project)
2、解决方法:
如果编译错误,则可能是由于相关库文件未正确安装导致的。这时,可以尝试重新安装相关库文件,或者检查环境变量是否正确设定。
五、总结
本文主要介绍了在Windows平台上安装Geant4的步骤及常见问题的解决方法。相信通过以上的介绍,读者已经能够顺利地将Geant4安装在自己的电脑上,开展自己的科研工作。