您的位置:

Spring Security OAuth2详解

一、OAuth2简介

OAuth2是目前比较流行的授权协议,该协议用于允许第三方应用访问用户在某个应用上存储的资源,而不需要将用户名和密码提供给第三方应用或者分享用户的资源。授权过程中需要用户授权预先定义的权限范围。

OAuth2授权协议有四种角色,分别是:资源所有者、资源服务器、客户端和授权服务器。其中,资源所有者指的是用户本人,资源服务器指的是存储着受保护资源的服务器,客户端是请求资源的应用程序,授权服务器则是认证用户并授予访问资源的服务器。

二、Spring Security OAuth2基础

1、Spring Security OAuth2实现授权的方式

Spring Security OAuth2提供了多种授权模式,包括授权码授权模式、密码授权模式、简化授权模式、客户端模式等。

2、Spring Security OAuth2结构

Spring Security OAuth2将OAuth2授权协议的四个角色抽象成四个模块,包括客户端、授权服务器、资源服务器和用户认证的API。其中,第三方应用通过客户端来请求授权服务器,授权服务器验证用户身份并返回访问令牌,然后第三方应用通过携带访问令牌请求资源服务器获取受保护资源。

Spring Security OAuth2结构包括以下几个核心组件:

  • AuthorizationEndpoint:授权端点处理授权请求,用户通过授权端点认证自己并获取访问令牌。
  • TokenEndpoint:令牌端点用于生成和返回访问令牌和刷新令牌。
  • TokenServices:用于生成访问令牌。
  • ClientDetailsService:管理客户端信息,包括客户端ID、密钥、授权范围等。
  • UserDetailsService:管理用户信息,包括用户名、密码和角色等。

三、Spring Security OAuth2与JWT

1、JWT简介

JWT(JSON Web Token)是一种用于身份验证和授权的Web标准,通过对JSON数据进行签名和加密来实现安全的数据传输。Token是JWT最重要的概念,是一种轻量级的安全验证凭证,在多个系统之间可以传递用于身份验证。

2、Spring Security OAuth2结合JWT实现授权

Spring Security OAuth2默认使用基于Session-Stored Tokens的方式来管理令牌,但是在实际应用中,可以根据需要结合JWT来实现授权。

四、Spring Security OAuth2教程

1、基于授权码的认证流程

授权码授权模式是OAuth2中最常用的授权方式,具体步骤如下:

  @GetMapping("/login")
  public String loginPage(Map model) {
      return "login";
  }

  @Configuration
  @EnableAuthorizationServer
  public class AuthorizationServerConfig extends AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter {

      @Autowired
      private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;

      @Autowired
      private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;

      @Autowired
      private DataSource dataSource;

      @Bean
      public JwtAccessTokenConverter accessTokenConverter() {
          JwtAccessTokenConverter converter = new JwtAccessTokenConverter();
          converter.setSigningKey("suztomo");
          return converter;
      }

      @Override
      public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception {
          clients.jdbc(dataSource);
      }

      @Override
      public void configure(AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints) throws Exception {
          endpoints
                  .authenticationManager(authenticationManager)
                  .accessTokenConverter(accessTokenConverter())
                  .userDetailsService(userDetailsService);
      }
  }

  @Configuration
  @EnableResourceServer
  public class ResourceServerConfig extends ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter {

      @Autowired
      private JwtAccessTokenConverter accessTokenConverter;

      @Override
      public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
          http.authorizeRequests()
                  .anyRequest().authenticated()
                  .and()
                  .csrf().disable()
                  .sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS)
                  .and()
                  .exceptionHandling().authenticationEntryPoint(new Http403ForbiddenEntryPoint());
      }

      @Override
      public void configure(ResourceServerSecurityConfigurer resources) throws Exception {
          resources.tokenServices(tokenServices()).resourceId("resourceServer");
      }

      @Bean
      public ResourceServerTokenServices tokenServices() {
          RemoteTokenServices tokenServices = new RemoteTokenServices();
          tokenServices.setCheckTokenEndpointUrl("http://localhost:9090/oauth/check_token");
          tokenServices.setClientId("clientId");
          tokenServices.setClientSecret("clientSecret");
          tokenServices.setAccessTokenConverter(accessTokenConverter);
          return tokenServices;
      }

  }

  

2、基于密码的认证流程

密码授权模式是比较简单的一种授权方式,具体步骤如下:

  @GetMapping("/login")
  public String loginPage(Map model) {
      return "login";
  }

  @Configuration
  @EnableAuthorizationServer
  public class AuthorizationServerConfig extends AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter {

      @Autowired
      private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;

      @Autowired
      private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;

      @Autowired
      private DataSource dataSource;

      @Bean
      public JwtAccessTokenConverter accessTokenConverter() {
          JwtAccessTokenConverter converter = new JwtAccessTokenConverter();
          converter.setSigningKey("suztomo");
          return converter;
      }

      @Override
      public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception {
          clients.jdbc(dataSource);
      }

      @Override
      public void configure(AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints) throws Exception {
          endpoints
                  .authenticationManager(authenticationManager)
                  .accessTokenConverter(accessTokenConverter())
                  .userDetailsService(userDetailsService);
      }
  }

  @Configuration
  @EnableResourceServer
  public class ResourceServerConfig extends ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter {

      @Autowired
      private JwtAccessTokenConverter accessTokenConverter;

      @Override
      public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
          http.authorizeRequests()
                  .anyRequest().authenticated()
                  .and()
                  .csrf().disable()
                  .sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS)
                  .and()
                  .exceptionHandling().authenticationEntryPoint(new Http403ForbiddenEntryPoint());
      }

      @Override
      public void configure(ResourceServerSecurityConfigurer resources) throws Exception {
          resources.tokenServices(tokenServices()).resourceId("resourceServer");
      }

      @Bean
      public ResourceServerTokenServices tokenServices() {
          RemoteTokenServices tokenServices = new RemoteTokenServices();
          tokenServices.setCheckTokenEndpointUrl("http://localhost:9090/oauth/check_token");
          tokenServices.setClientId("clientId");
          tokenServices.setClientSecret("clientSecret");
          tokenServices.setAccessTokenConverter(accessTokenConverter);
          return tokenServices;
      }

  }

  

3、基于客户端的认证流程

客户端授权模式是一种常见的OAuth2授权方式,具体步骤如下:

  @GetMapping("/login")
  public String loginPage(Map model) {
      return "login";
  }

  @Configuration
  @EnableAuthorizationServer
  public class AuthorizationServerConfig extends AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter {

      @Autowired
      private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;

      @Autowired
      private DataSource dataSource;

      @Override
      public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception {
          clients.jdbc(dataSource);
      }

      @Override
      public void configure(AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints) throws Exception {
          endpoints
                  .authenticationManager(authenticationManager)
                  .approvalStoreDisabled()
                  .tokenGranter(tokenGranter(endpoints))
                  .accessTokenConverter(accessTokenConverter());
      }

      private TokenGranter tokenGranter(final AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints) {
          List
    granters = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(endpoints.getTokenGranter()));
          granters.add(new ClientTokenGranter(endpoints.getTokenServices(), endpoints.getClientDetailsService(), endpoints.getOAuth2RequestFactory()));
          return new CompositeTokenGranter(granters);
      }

      @Bean
      public ClientDetailsService clientDetailsService() {
          JdbcClientDetailsService jdbcClientDetailsService = new JdbcClientDetailsService(dataSource);
          jdbcClientDetailsService.setPasswordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
          return jdbcClientDetailsService;
      }

      @Override
      public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception {
          clients.withClientDetails(clientDetailsService());
      }

  }

  @Configuration
  @EnableResourceServer
  public class ResourceServerConfig extends ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter {

      @Autowired
      private JwtAccessTokenConverter accessTokenConverter;

      @Override
      public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
          http.authorizeRequests()
                  .anyRequest().authenticated()
                  .and()
                  .csrf().disable()
                  .sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS)
                  .and()
                  .exceptionHandling().authenticationEntryPoint(new Http403ForbiddenEntryPoint());
      }

      @Override
      public void configure(ResourceServerSecurityConfigurer resources) throws Exception {
          resources.tokenServices(tokenServices()).resourceId("resourceServer");
      }

      @Bean
      public ResourceServerTokenServices tokenServices() {
          RemoteTokenServices tokenServices = new RemoteTokenServices();
          tokenServices.setCheckTokenEndpointUrl("http://localhost:9090/oauth/check_token");
          tokenServices.setClientId("clientId");
          tokenServices.setClientSecret("clientSecret");
          tokenServices.setAccessTokenConverter(accessTokenConverter);
          return tokenServices;
      }

  }

   
  

五、总结

Spring Security OAuth2是目前比较流行的授权协议之一,能够帮助企业构建安全的互联网应用。通过授权端点、令牌端点、客户端和用户认证的API等模块,实现了OAuth2授权协议的四种角色。同时,Spring Security OAuth2还支持多种授权模式,包括授权码授权模式、密码授权模式、简化授权模式和客户端模式。