如何为Nginx配置文件服务器进行性能优化

一、充分利用缓存机制

1、合理配置Nginx缓存

proxy_cache_path /data/nginx/cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=my_cache:10m inactive=60m;
server {
    ...
    proxy_cache my_cache;
    proxy_cache_valid 200 10m;
    proxy_cache_valid 404 1m;
    proxy_cache_valid any 10m;
    ...
}

2、启用Broswer Cache

location /static/ {
    expires 1d;
    add_header Cache-Control "public";
}

3、使用FastCGI缓存

fastcgi_cache_path /data/nginx/fastcgi levels=1:2 keys_zone=php_cache:100m inactive=60m;
server {
    ...
    set $no_cache "";
    if ($http_cookie ~* "wordpress_logged_in_"){
        set $no_cache "1";
    }
    if ($request_method = POST){
        set $no_cache "1";
    }
    fastcgi_cache_bypass $no_cache;
    fastcgi_cache_key "$scheme$request_method$host$request_uri";
    fastcgi_cache_valid 200 60m;
    fastcgi_cache_bypass $http_pragma;
    fastcgi_cache_revalidate on;
    add_header X-Cache $upstream_cache_status;
    ...
}

二、使用优化后的HTTP模块

1、在编译Nginx时启用HTTP Gzip模块

./configure --with-http_gzip_static_module

2、启用HTTP SSL模块

server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name example.com;

    ssl_certificate /path/to/cert.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /path/to/cert.key;
}

3、使用EPOLL事件模块

worker_processes auto;
events {
    use epoll;
    worker_connections 100000;
}

三、性能调优

1、合理设置worker_processes参数

worker_processes auto;

2、优化worker_connections参数

worker_processes 4;
events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}

3、调整sendfile参数

sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;