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使用CSS transform属性制作炫酷动画效果

一、transform属性的介绍

transform属性是CSS3新增的属性,它可以让我们在不改变文档流的情况下,对元素进行旋转、位移、缩放、倾斜等变换操作。它的常用值有rotate、translate、scale、skew等。

transform-origin属性可以设置变换基点的位置,默认值是元素中心点。

下面是一些常用的transform属性值的介绍:

transform: rotate(45deg); /* 旋转45度 */
transform: translate(50px, 0); /* 水平向右移动50px */
transform: scale(2); /* 放大两倍 */
transform: skew(30deg, 20deg); /* 水平倾斜30度,垂直倾斜20度 */

二、CSS transform属性的应用

1、3D旋转动画

我们可以使用transform属性实现3D旋转动画效果,给元素添加以下CSS代码:

.box {
  transform-style: preserve-3d; /* 防止变换元素被扁平化 */
  transform: rotateY(60deg) rotateX(30deg); /* 组合旋转效果 */
  transition: all 1s ease-in-out; /* 添加过渡效果 */
}
.box:hover {
  transform: rotateY(0deg) rotateX(0deg); /* 鼠标悬停时恢复初始位置 */
}

这样就可以让元素绕y轴和x轴旋转60度和30度的同时,添加缓动效果,并且当鼠标悬停在元素上时,回到初始的旋转位置。

2、图片翻转动画

图片翻转动画效果,可以使用transform和transition属性实现。代码如下:

.flipbox {
  transform-style: preserve-3d; /* 防止变换元素被扁平化 */
  perspective: 1000px; /* 透视点设置,使元素看起来更真实 */
}
.flipbox:hover .flipbox-front {
  transform: rotateY(-180deg); /* 点击后翻转180度 */
}
.flipbox:hover .flipbox-back {
  transform: rotateY(0deg);
}
.flipbox-inner {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  transform-style: preserve-3d;
  transition: transform 1s;
}
.flipbox-front,
.flipbox-back {
  position: absolute;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  backface-visibility: hidden; /* 防止背面出现 */
}
.flipbox-back {
  transform: rotateY(180deg); /* 初始状态为背面 */
}

这里通过设置父元素的perspective属性为1000px来定义透视点,使得元素看起来更有层次感,并且添加过渡效果让元素翻转时更加顺滑。

3、手风琴效果

手风琴效果最主要的实现方式就是通过调整元素的宽度实现收缩和展开的效果。我们可以使用transform和transition属性来实现这个效果,代码如下:

.accordion-wrapper {
  display: flex;
}
.accordion-item {
  flex: 1;
  transition: all 0.5s ease-in-out; /* 动态调整宽度的过渡效果 */
  text-align: center;
  background-color: #eee;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.accordion-item:hover {
  flex: 5; /* 鼠标悬停时宽度扩大到5倍 */
}
.accordion-item:hover h3 {
  transform: translateX(150%); /* 标题右移 */
}
.accordion-item h3 {
  transition: all 0.5s ease-in-out; /* 标题动态变化的过渡效果 */
}

三、总结

以上是CSS transform属性制作炫酷动画效果的三个方面的介绍,包括了3D旋转动画、图片翻转动画和手风琴效果。通过对transform等属性的灵活运用,我们可以让网页的交互效果更加生动有趣,这对于提高用户体验非常重要。

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when-present<#else>when-missing. (These only cover the last step of the expression; to cover the whole expression, use parenthesis: (myOptionalVar.foo)!myDefault, (myOptionalVar.foo)?? ---- ---- FTL stack trace ("~" means nesting-related): - Failed at: ${item.id} [in template "article/detail/index.ftl" at line 48, column 106] ---- Java stack trace (for programmers): ---- freemarker.core.InvalidReferenceException: [... Exception message was already printed; see it above ...] at freemarker.core.InvalidReferenceException.getInstance(InvalidReferenceException.java:134) at freemarker.core.EvalUtil.coerceModelToTextualCommon(EvalUtil.java:481) at freemarker.core.EvalUtil.coerceModelToStringOrMarkup(EvalUtil.java:401) at freemarker.core.EvalUtil.coerceModelToStringOrMarkup(EvalUtil.java:370) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.calculateInterpolatedStringOrMarkup(DollarVariable.java:104) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.accept(DollarVariable.java:63) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:371) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock$IterationContext.executedNestedContentForCollOrSeqListing(IteratorBlock.java:321) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock$IterationContext.executeNestedContent(IteratorBlock.java:271) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock$IterationContext.accept(IteratorBlock.java:244) at freemarker.core.Environment.visitIteratorBlock(Environment.java:645) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock.acceptWithResult(IteratorBlock.java:108) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock.accept(IteratorBlock.java:94) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:335) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:341) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:341) at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:314) at freemarker.template.Template.process(Template.java:383) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.processTemplate(FreeMarkerView.java:332) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.doRender(FreeMarkerView.java:266) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.renderMergedTemplateModel(FreeMarkerView.java:220) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractTemplateView.renderMergedOutputModel(AbstractTemplateView.java:181) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:314) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1431) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1167) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1106) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:979) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1014) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:903) at jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:564) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:885) at jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:658) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:205) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:51) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at com.software.filter.HttpSpiderIdentifyFilter.doFilter(HttpSpiderIdentifyFilter.java:51) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:100) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:93) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:201) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:167) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:90) at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:482) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:115) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:93) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:74) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:340) at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:391) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:63) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:896) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1744) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:52) at java.base/java.lang.VirtualThread.run(VirtualThread.java:309)