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如何实现圆角效果——告别方方正正的设计

一、CSS实现圆角

在web页面中,元素的圆角效果可以通过使用CSS的border-radius属性来实现。这个属性可以让元素的角变得圆润。border-radius属性的值可以是一个非负整数或者百分比。如果是非负整数,那么就表示以像素为单位的圆角半径。如果是百分比,那么就表示相对于元素的尺寸的圆角半径。

.example {
  border-radius: 10px;
}

上述示例代码可以让一个元素的四个角都变得有10像素的圆角。如果只想让某个角变成半圆,可以使用border-top-left-radius、border-top-right-radius、border-bottom-left-radius或border-bottom-right-radius属性。

.example {
  border-top-left-radius: 20px;
  border-bottom-right-radius: 20px;
}

二、SVG实现圆角

SVG是一种使用XML来描述的图形语言,它可以实现各种复杂的图形效果,包括圆角效果。使用SVG来实现圆角的好处是可以创建更加复杂的形状,而不仅仅是矩形。

使用SVG实现圆角需要用到 元素和圆弧命令。圆弧命令分别是A和a,用于指示从当前点到目标点的曲线形状。 元素中的d属性用于指定路径,包括直线路径和曲线路径等。

  
  

  

上述示例代码可以创建一个带有圆角的矩形。如果想要创建一个不规则的形状,可以使用更加复杂的路径。

三、JavaScript实现圆角

如果需要在网页中动态的生成带有圆角的元素,可以使用JavaScript来实现。使用JavaScript实现圆角的方法是创建一个canvas元素,并在其中绘制圆角矩形,然后将其转换为base64格式的图片,最后使用CSS样式将其作为背景图片。

let canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
canvas.width = 100;
canvas.height = 50;
let ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
let radius = 10;
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(radius, 0);
ctx.lineTo(canvas.width - radius, 0);
ctx.quadraticCurveTo(canvas.width, 0, canvas.width, radius);
ctx.lineTo(canvas.width, canvas.height - radius);
ctx.quadraticCurveTo(canvas.width, canvas.height, canvas.width - radius, canvas.height);
ctx.lineTo(radius, canvas.height);
ctx.quadraticCurveTo(0, canvas.height, 0, canvas.height - radius);
ctx.lineTo(0, radius);
ctx.quadraticCurveTo(0, 0, radius, 0);
ctx.closePath();
ctx.fillStyle = 'red';
ctx.fill();

let dataUrl = canvas.toDataURL();
document.body.style.backgroundImage = `url(${dataUrl})`;

上述示例代码可以创建一个带有圆角的红色矩形,并将其作为背景图片。

总结

通过CSS、SVG、JavaScript三种方法,我们可以在web页面中实现各种圆角效果,从而丰富网页的设计。使用CSS实现圆角是最简单的方法,但是在创建复杂形状时会有局限性;使用SVG可以创建更加复杂的形状,但需要一定的SVG基础;使用JavaScript可以动态地生成带有圆角的元素,但需要编写一定的JavaScript代码。根据具体的需求和能力,可以选择不同的方法来实现圆角效果。

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when-present<#else>when-missing. (These only cover the last step of the expression; to cover the whole expression, use parenthesis: (myOptionalVar.foo)!myDefault, (myOptionalVar.foo)?? ---- ---- FTL stack trace ("~" means nesting-related): - Failed at: ${item.id} [in template "article/detail/index.ftl" at line 48, column 106] ---- Java stack trace (for programmers): ---- freemarker.core.InvalidReferenceException: [... 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org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1431) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1167) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1106) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:979) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1014) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:903) at jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:564) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:885) at jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:658) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:205) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:51) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at com.software.filter.HttpSpiderIdentifyFilter.doFilter(HttpSpiderIdentifyFilter.java:51) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:100) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:93) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:201) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:167) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:90) at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:482) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:115) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:93) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:74) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:340) at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:391) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:63) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:896) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1744) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:52) at java.base/java.lang.VirtualThread.run(VirtualThread.java:309)