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如何使用 CSS 表格布局优化网页内容呈现

一、什么是 CSS 表格布局

CSS 表格布局是一种基于表格的布局方法,通过对单元格和表格宽度进行控制,可以实现页面自适应布局。CSS 表格布局有以下特点:

1. 浏览器默认样式不会对表格布局产生太大的影响,开发者可以较轻松地实现所需的布局效果;

2.表格布局更适合用于网页设计中一个区域要放置多个内容时,通过表格的行列布局,比传统的 div 布局代码更简单、清晰,也更容易修改;

3.表格布局可以禁止表格单元格合并,从而保证表格行列的稳定性。

/* CSS 表格布局样式代码示例 */

.container {
    display: table;
    width: 100%;
}

.row {
    display: table-row;
}

.cell {
    display: table-cell;
    width: 33%;
    border: 1px solid #ddd;
    padding: 10px;
}

二、如何使用表格布局优化网页内容呈现

1.通过表格布局实现响应式设计

在移动设备普及的今天,越来越多的用户通过移动设备访问网站。针对不同屏幕大小的设备,我们可以使用 CSS 表格布局实现响应式设计。实现的方法是设置表格宽度为百分比,这样就可以根据不同的屏幕尺寸自适应调整表格布局。

/* CSS 表格布局响应式设计示例代码 */

.container {
    display: table;
    width: 100%;
}

.row {
    display: table-row;
}

.cell {
    display: table-cell;
    width: 100%;
    border: 1px solid #ddd;
    padding: 10px;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
    .cell {
        width: 50%;
    }
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
    .cell {
        width: 33%;
    }
}

2.利用合并单元格实现更高效的布局

有些时候,我们需要在网页上展示一些比较复杂的表格数据。此时,如果采用传统的布局方式,可能需要使用多个 div 元素才能实现所需的布局效果。而采用 CSS 表格布局,可以使用合并单元格的方式,实现更高效的布局。这种方式不仅可以减少 HTML 代码的冗余,也更便于页面的修改和维护。

/* CSS 表格布局合并单元格示例代码 */

.container {
    display: table;
    width: 100%;
}

.row {
    display: table-row;
}

.cell {
    display: table-cell;
    border: 1px solid #ddd;
    padding: 10px;
}

.colspan {
    width: 66.666%;
}

.rowspan {
    height: 100px;
}

/* HTML 代码示例 */

<div class="container">
    <div class="row">
        <div class="cell">1</div>
        <div class="cell colspan">2</div>
    </div>
    <div class="row">
        <div class="cell rowspan">3</div>
        <div class="cell">4</div>
        <div class="cell">5</div>
    </div>
</div>

3.使用表格布局实现分栏布局

在网页设计中,常常需要采用分栏布局的方式展示内容。在传统的 div 布局方式中,通常需要使用 float、clear 等属性来对多个 div 元素进行布局调整。而在 CSS 表格布局中,可以更简单、直观地实现分栏布局。可以将单元格的宽度设置为相等或不等的百分比,从而实现多列的布局效果。

/* CSS 表格布局分栏布局示例代码 */

.container {
    display: table;
    width: 100%;
}

.row {
    display: table-row;
}

.cell {
    display: table-cell;
    border: 1px solid #ddd;
    padding: 10px;
}

.col-2 {
    width: 50%;
}

.col-3 {
    width: 33.333%;
}

/* HTML 代码示例 */

<div class="container">
    <div class="row">
        <div class="cell col-2">1</div>
        <div class="cell col-2">2</div>
    </div>
    <div class="row">
        <div class="cell col-3">3</div>
        <div class="cell col-3">4</div>
        <div class="cell col-3">5</div>
    </div>
</div>

三、总结

通过 CSS 表格布局,在网页设计中可以实现更加灵活、直观的布局效果。通过本文的介绍,我们可以发现,在使用表格布局时,只需要少量的 HTML、CSS 代码,就可以实现复杂的布局效果。同时,表格布局还有利于代码的维护和修改,更加便于适应响应式布局和不同屏幕尺寸的设备。

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when-present<#else>when-missing. (These only cover the last step of the expression; to cover the whole expression, use parenthesis: (myOptionalVar.foo)!myDefault, (myOptionalVar.foo)?? ---- ---- FTL stack trace ("~" means nesting-related): - Failed at: ${item.id} [in template "article/detail/index.ftl" at line 48, column 106] ---- Java stack trace (for programmers): ---- freemarker.core.InvalidReferenceException: [... Exception message was already printed; see it above ...] at freemarker.core.InvalidReferenceException.getInstance(InvalidReferenceException.java:134) at freemarker.core.EvalUtil.coerceModelToTextualCommon(EvalUtil.java:481) at freemarker.core.EvalUtil.coerceModelToStringOrMarkup(EvalUtil.java:401) at freemarker.core.EvalUtil.coerceModelToStringOrMarkup(EvalUtil.java:370) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.calculateInterpolatedStringOrMarkup(DollarVariable.java:104) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.accept(DollarVariable.java:63) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:371) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock$IterationContext.executedNestedContentForCollOrSeqListing(IteratorBlock.java:321) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock$IterationContext.executeNestedContent(IteratorBlock.java:271) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock$IterationContext.accept(IteratorBlock.java:244) at freemarker.core.Environment.visitIteratorBlock(Environment.java:645) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock.acceptWithResult(IteratorBlock.java:108) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock.accept(IteratorBlock.java:94) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:335) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:341) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:341) at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:314) at freemarker.template.Template.process(Template.java:383) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.processTemplate(FreeMarkerView.java:332) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.doRender(FreeMarkerView.java:266) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.renderMergedTemplateModel(FreeMarkerView.java:220) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractTemplateView.renderMergedOutputModel(AbstractTemplateView.java:181) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:314) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1431) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1167) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1106) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:979) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1014) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:903) at jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:564) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:885) at jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:658) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:205) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:51) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at com.software.filter.HttpSpiderIdentifyFilter.doFilter(HttpSpiderIdentifyFilter.java:51) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:100) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:93) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:201) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:167) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:90) at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:482) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:115) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:93) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:74) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:340) at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:391) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:63) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:896) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1744) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:52) at java.base/java.lang.VirtualThread.run(VirtualThread.java:309)