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CSS text-overflow详解

一、text-overflow简介

text-overflow属性是一个常用的CSS规范,它用于设置文本内容当超过容器区域时如何处理。常见的情况为将超出部分以省略号(...)的形式来呈现。text-overflow属性主要作用于以下两种情况:

1. 当容器中的文本溢出容器时。

2. 当容器的尺寸小于文本的尺寸时。

通常在浏览器默认情况下,文本将会自动换行。需要用到text-overflow的时候,我们一般需要设置 white-space: nowrap; 表示禁止文本内容换行。

二、text-overflow用法

1. 使用省略号

text-overflow的一种常见用法是将超出容器的文本内容用省略号来替代。当然,在使用中也可以自定义省略号样式和位置,具体代码如下:


.ellipsis {
    overflow: hidden;
    white-space: nowrap;
    text-overflow:ellipsis;
}
.custom-ellipsis {
    overflow: hidden;
    white-space: nowrap;
    text-overflow:ellipsis;
    display: inline-block;
    max-width: 200px;
    overflow: hidden;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
    white-space: nowrap;
     &::before {
        content: '...';
        position: absolute;
        top: 0;
        right: 0;
        font-size: 14px;
        line-height: 14px;
        background: #fff;
        padding: 0 6px;
    }
}

其中,“ellipsis”是简单的省略号用法,而“custom-ellipsis”是自定义省略号样式的用法。

2. 使用手动断行

text-overflow的另一个常见用法是强制文本中间手动断行。需要手动断行的时候,我们需要将文本分为两个部分,并利用"after"伪类来插入换行符和省略号来显示文本内容。代码如下:


.manual-line-break {
    white-space: nowrap;
    overflow: hidden;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
    max-width: 600px;
    position: relative;
    display: inline-block;
&::after {
        content: '';
        position: absolute;
        top: 0;
        right: 0;
        height: 1.2em;
        width: 1.2em;
        margin-left: 0.5em;
        background-color: white;
        transform: translateX(-50%);
    }
}

三、text-overflow的不足以及在实际应用中的操作技巧

1. 不足之处

由于text-overflow只是CSS属性,如果在实际应用时不注意一些细节问题,可能会存在不足之处:

1. text-overflow只能设置一种省略方式,无法同时存在多种省略方式。

2. 省略号无法自适应容器大小,无法保证文本的可读性。

3. 单纯使用text-overflow会割裂单词,更适合单字符的文本内容。

2. 实际应用中的操作技巧

1. 需要合理设置max-width。

2. 需要考虑使用JavaScript的处理。

3. text-overflow可以与其它属性一起使用,如background、padding等。

4. 支持多断点且多种省略方式。

结语:在使用text-overflow的过程中,我们需要根据实际需求来进行灵活的运用。在合理的使用方法下,text-overflow能够更好地让我们的文本内容美观可读。

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