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CSSStroke教程:如何创建CSS描边效果

一、CSSStroke简介

CSSStroke是指在CSS中实现文本描边效果的方法,它可以让文本更加醒目、突出。与传统的CSS text-shadow不同,CSSStroke会在文本线条周围绘制固定颜色的阴影,从而形成描边的效果。

CSSStroke可以使用CSS属性text-stroke来实现,该属性可以设置描边的宽度、颜色和风格。但需要注意的是,该属性目前只在Safari和Chrome浏览器中得到支持。

二、text-stroke属性的使用方法

text-stroke属性需要设置三个值:线条宽度、线条颜色和线条风格。下面是它的语法:

    text-stroke:  
    
    ;

    
   
  

其中,line-width可选,表示描边的宽度;line-color为必选,表示描边的颜色;line-style可选,表示描边的风格。

以下是一个示例:

    h1 {
        -webkit-text-stroke: 1px #000000; /* Safari 和 Chrome */
        text-stroke: 1px #000000; /* 其他浏览器 */
    }

上述代码实现了1像素的黑色描边效果。

三、text-stroke属性的取值

1. 线条宽度

线条宽度的取值可以是一个无单位的数值或百分比。如果不指定该值,则描边宽度为0,不会有描边效果。

例如:

    h1 {
        -webkit-text-stroke: 2px #000000; /* Safari 和 Chrome */
    }
    h2 {
        -webkit-text-stroke: 20% #000000; /* Safari 和 Chrome */
    }

2. 线条颜色

线条颜色可以使用任何CSS合法的颜色值,例如十六进制、RGB、RGBA和颜色名等。

例如:

    h1 {
        -webkit-text-stroke: 2px #FF0000; /* Safari 和 Chrome */
    }
    h2 {
        -webkit-text-stroke: 2px rgb(0, 0, 255); /* Safari 和 Chrome */
    }

3. 线条风格

线条风格有三个可选值:solid(实线)、dotted(点线)和dashed(虚线)。

例如:

    h1 {
        -webkit-text-stroke: 2px #FF0000 dashed; /* Safari 和 Chrome */
    }
    h2 {
        -webkit-text-stroke: 2px #000000 dotted; /* Safari 和 Chrome */
    }

四、text-stroke属性的兼容性

目前,text-stroke属性仅在Safari和Chrome浏览器中得到支持,其他浏览器不支持。为了兼容其他浏览器,我们可以使用CSS3 text-shadow属性和::after伪元素来模拟描边效果。

    h1 {
        color: #ffffff;
        text-shadow:
            -1px -1px 0 #000,  
            1px -1px 0 #000,
            -1px 1px 0 #000,
            1px 1px 0 #000;
    }

    h1::after {
        content: attr(title);
        position: absolute;
        left: 0;
        top: 0;
        color: #000;
    }

五、结语

CSSStroke是一种简单而实用的CSS技巧,可以让我们在项目中更方便地实现描边效果,让文本更加突出、醒目。不过需要注意的是,它目前仅在Safari和Chrome浏览器中得到支持,为了兼容其他浏览器,我们可以使用CSS3 text-shadow属性和::after伪元素来模拟描边效果。

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when-present<#else>when-missing. (These only cover the last step of the expression; to cover the whole expression, use parenthesis: (myOptionalVar.foo)!myDefault, (myOptionalVar.foo)?? ---- ---- FTL stack trace ("~" means nesting-related): - Failed at: ${item.id} [in template "article/detail/index.ftl" at line 48, column 106] ---- Java stack trace (for programmers): ---- freemarker.core.InvalidReferenceException: [... Exception message was already printed; see it above ...] at freemarker.core.InvalidReferenceException.getInstance(InvalidReferenceException.java:134) at freemarker.core.EvalUtil.coerceModelToTextualCommon(EvalUtil.java:481) at freemarker.core.EvalUtil.coerceModelToStringOrMarkup(EvalUtil.java:401) at freemarker.core.EvalUtil.coerceModelToStringOrMarkup(EvalUtil.java:370) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.calculateInterpolatedStringOrMarkup(DollarVariable.java:104) at freemarker.core.DollarVariable.accept(DollarVariable.java:63) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:371) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock$IterationContext.executedNestedContentForCollOrSeqListing(IteratorBlock.java:321) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock$IterationContext.executeNestedContent(IteratorBlock.java:271) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock$IterationContext.accept(IteratorBlock.java:244) at freemarker.core.Environment.visitIteratorBlock(Environment.java:645) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock.acceptWithResult(IteratorBlock.java:108) at freemarker.core.IteratorBlock.accept(IteratorBlock.java:94) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:335) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:341) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:341) at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:314) at freemarker.template.Template.process(Template.java:383) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.processTemplate(FreeMarkerView.java:332) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.doRender(FreeMarkerView.java:266) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView.renderMergedTemplateModel(FreeMarkerView.java:220) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractTemplateView.renderMergedOutputModel(AbstractTemplateView.java:181) at org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:314) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1431) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1167) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1106) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:979) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1014) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:903) at jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:564) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:885) at jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:658) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:205) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:51) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at com.software.filter.HttpSpiderIdentifyFilter.doFilter(HttpSpiderIdentifyFilter.java:51) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:100) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:93) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:201) at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:174) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:149) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:167) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:90) at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:482) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:115) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:93) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:74) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:340) at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:391) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:63) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:896) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1744) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:52) at java.base/java.lang.VirtualThread.run(VirtualThread.java:309)