一、OpenWRTPython 的安装与配置

1、安装 OpenWRTPython

opkg update
opkg install python-mini

2、配置 python 环境

export PYTHONPATH=/usr/lib/python2.7:$PYTHONPATH
export PATH=/usr/lib/python2.7:$PATH

3、测试 python 环境

python2.7 -c "import os;print(os.environ)"

二、OpenWRTPython 网络编程基础

1、使用 socket 进行网络编程

import socket

HOST = '127.0.0.1'  # 需要监听的主机地址
PORT = 8888         # 监听端口

# 创建一个 socket 对象
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

# 将 socket 绑定到指定地址、端口上
s.bind((HOST, PORT))

# 开始监听
s.listen(5)

while True:
    # 等待客户端连接
    conn, addr = s.accept()
    print('Connected by', addr)

    # 接收客户端发送的数据
    data = conn.recv(1024)
    if not data:
        continue

    # 处理数据
    print('Received', repr(data))

    # 发送数据
    conn.sendall(data)

    # 关闭连接
    conn.close()

2、使用 urllib 进行网络访问

from urllib import request, parse
import json

url = 'https://api.github.com/users'
data = {"name": "jack", "age": 20}

# 创建请求
req = request.Request(url)
req.add_header('Content-Type', 'application/json')

# 发送数据
response = request.urlopen(req, json.dumps(data).encode('utf-8'))

# 处理响应
print(response.status)
print(response.reason)
print(response.read().decode('utf-8'))

三、OpenWRTPython 应用案例

1、路由器管理程序

from flask import Flask
import os

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route("/")
def hello():
    return "
Hello World!
"

@app.route("/reboot")
def reboot():
    os.system("reboot")
    return "
Rebooting...
"

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=8888, debug=True)

2、网络监控程序

import urllib.request
import re
import time

def get_speed():
    response = urllib.request.urlopen("http://speedtest.net/")
    html = response.read().decode()

    # 解析页面
    rx_speed = re.compile(
        r"(?s)[\d\.]+? Mb/s[\s\S]*?"
        "[\d\.]+? Mb/s")
    match = rx_speed.search(html)
    if match:
        return {"download": match.group(1), "upload": match.group(2)}

while True:
    speed = get_speed()
    print("Download: ", speed.get("download", "Unknown"))
    print("Upload: ", speed.get("upload", "Unknown"))
    time.sleep(10)

四、OpenWRTPython 的开发工具

1、使用 VSCode 进行开发

{
    "python.pythonPath": "/usr/bin/python2.7",
    "python.autoComplete.extraPaths": [
        "/usr/lib/python2.7",
        "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages"
    ],
    "python.formatting.provider": "autopep8",
    "python.formatting.autopep8Args": ["--max-line-length=100"],
    "python.linting.enabled": true,
    "python.linting.pylintEnabled": false,
    "python.linting.flake8Enabled": true,
    "python.linting.flake8Args": ["--max-line-length=100"]
}

2、使用 PyCharm 进行开发

# 配置 Python 解释器
Settings -> Project: xxx -> Project Interpreter -> Add -> SSH Interpreter -> 输入主机地址、帐号、密码 -> 配置路径