一、什么是Web Service
Web Service是一种基于Web的技术，允许两个应用程序之间进行交互，而无需了解对方应用程序的语言、操作系统和网络协议。Web Service采用标准的XML消息机制，实现跨平台、跨语言和跨网络的通信。
二、SpringBoot框架
SpringBoot是一种基于Spring框架的开发方式，通过简化配置文件的方式，使得我们可以快速地构建Spring应用程序。SpringBoot直接嵌入Tomcat容器，可以直接运行成为一个独立的应用程序。
三、调用Web Service接口的流程
使用SpringBoot调用Web Service接口，通常需要经过以下几个步骤：
1、导入WebService客户端
在pom.xml文件中加入WebService客户端的依赖：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web-services</artifactId>
</dependency>
2、创建Web Service客户端代理类
使用JaxWsProxyFactoryBean类创建Web Service客户端代理类：
@Configuration
public class WebServiceConfig {
@Bean(name = "webServiceTemplate")
public WebServiceTemplate webServiceTemplate(Jaxb2Marshaller marshaller) {
WebServiceTemplate webServiceTemplate = new WebServiceTemplate();
webServiceTemplate.setMarshaller(marshaller);
webServiceTemplate.setUnmarshaller(marshaller);
webServiceTemplate.setMessageSender(httpUrlConnectionMessageSender());
return webServiceTemplate;
}
@Bean(name="httpUrlConnectionMessageSender")
public HttpUrlConnectionMessageSender httpUrlConnectionMessageSender() {
return new HttpUrlConnectionMessageSender();
}
@Bean
public Jaxb2Marshaller marshaller() {
Jaxb2Marshaller marshaller = new Jaxb2Marshaller();
marshaller.setContextPath("com.example.demo");
return marshaller;
}
@Bean(name="testServiceClient")
public TestService testServiceClient(Jaxb2Marshaller marshaller) {
JaxWsProxyFactoryBean factory = new JaxWsProxyFactoryBean();
factory.setServiceClass(TestService.class);
factory.setAddress("http://localhost:8080/services/TestService");
factory.setServiceName(new QName("http://example.com/", "TestServicePort"));
factory.setEndpointName(new QName("http://example.com/", "TestServiceSoap"));
factory.setBindingId(SOAPBinding.SOAP11HTTP_BINDING);
factory.setUnmarshaller(marshaller);
factory.setMarshaller(marshaller);
Object obj = factory.create();
return (TestService) obj;
}
}
3、调用Web Service接口
在控制器中使用Web Service客户端代理类调用Web Service接口：
@Controller
public class TestController {
@Autowired
private TestService testServiceClient;
@RequestMapping("/test")
@ResponseBody
public String test() {
TestRequest request = new TestRequest();
request.setParam("test");
TestResponse response = testServiceClient.test(request);
return response.getResult();
}
}
四、示例代码
下面是一个完整的Demo代码：
1、创建Web Service服务端
创建一个Java项目，添加以下依赖：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web-services</artifactId>
</dependency>
创建接口TestService：
@WebService
public interface TestService {
@WebMethod(operationName = "test")
TestResponse test(@WebParam(name = "request") TestRequest request);
}
创建请求类TestRequest：
@XmlRootElement(name="TestRequest")
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
public class TestRequest implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String param;
public String getParam() {
return param;
}
public void setParam(String param) {
this.param = param;
}
}
创建响应类TestResponse：
@XmlRootElement(name="TestResponse")
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
public class TestResponse implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String result;
public String getResult() {
return result;
}
public void setResult(String result) {
this.result = result;
}
}
实现TestService接口：
@WebService(endpointInterface = "com.example.demo.TestService")
@Component
public class TestServiceImpl implements TestService {
@Override
public TestResponse test(TestRequest request) {
TestResponse response = new TestResponse();
String result = "Hello " + request.getParam();
response.setResult(result);
return response;
}
}
2、创建SpringBoot应用程序客户端
创建一个SpringBoot项目，添加以下依赖：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web-services</artifactId>
</dependency>
编写启动类：
@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
}
}
配置WebService客户端：
@Configuration
public class WebServiceConfig {
@Bean(name = "webServiceTemplate")
public WebServiceTemplate webServiceTemplate(Jaxb2Marshaller marshaller) {
WebServiceTemplate webServiceTemplate = new WebServiceTemplate();
webServiceTemplate.setMarshaller(marshaller);
webServiceTemplate.setUnmarshaller(marshaller);
webServiceTemplate.setMessageSender(httpUrlConnectionMessageSender());
return webServiceTemplate;
}
@Bean(name="httpUrlConnectionMessageSender")
public HttpUrlConnectionMessageSender httpUrlConnectionMessageSender() {
return new HttpUrlConnectionMessageSender();
}
@Bean
public Jaxb2Marshaller marshaller() {
Jaxb2Marshaller marshaller = new Jaxb2Marshaller();
marshaller.setContextPath("com.example.demo");
return marshaller;
}
@Bean(name="testServiceClient")
public TestService testServiceClient(Jaxb2Marshaller marshaller) {
JaxWsProxyFactoryBean factory = new JaxWsProxyFactoryBean();
factory.setServiceClass(TestService.class);
factory.setAddress("http://localhost:8080/services/TestService");
factory.setServiceName(new QName("http://example.com/", "TestServicePort"));
factory.setEndpointName(new QName("http://example.com/", "TestServiceSoap"));
factory.setBindingId(SOAPBinding.SOAP11HTTP_BINDING);
factory.setUnmarshaller(marshaller);
factory.setMarshaller(marshaller);
Object obj = factory.create();
return (TestService) obj;
}
}
编写控制器：
@Controller
public class TestController {
@Autowired
private TestService testServiceClient;
@RequestMapping("/test")
@ResponseBody
public String test() {
TestRequest request = new TestRequest();
request.setParam("test");
TestResponse response = testServiceClient.test(request);
return response.getResult();
}
}
五、总结
本文介绍了如何使用SpringBoot调用Web Service接口的方法，从Web Service的基本概念、SpringBoot框架、调用Web Service接口的流程和示例代码四个方面进行了详细的阐述。
