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用Java写文件

在Java中,写文件是常见的操作之一,通常用于数据持久化和日志记录等场景。Java提供了多种方式来完成这个任务,本文将为读者介绍用Java写文件的方法和技巧。

一、FileOutputStream

FileOutputStream是Java IO包中的类,提供了写入文件的方法。使用该类的步骤如下:

import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class WriteToFileExample {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    String fileName = "example.txt";
    String content = "This is an example file.";

    try (OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(fileName)) {
      byte[] contentBytes = content.getBytes();
      os.write(contentBytes);
      System.out.println("Write to file success.");
    } catch (IOException e) {
      System.err.println("Failed to write to file.");
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
}

在上面的代码中,我们先定义了要写入的文件名和内容。接着,我们使用try-with-resources语句来打开一个文件输出流对象。使用getBytes()方法将字符串转换为字节数组,然后使用write()方法将该数组写入文件中。如果写入成功,则输出"Write to file success.",否则输出"Failed to write to file."和异常详细信息。

二、BufferedWriter

BufferedWriter是Java IO包中的类,提供了写入文件的方法。相比于FileOutputStream,它可以提高写入效率。使用该类的步骤如下:

import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;

public class WriteToFileExample {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    String fileName = "example.txt";
    String content = "This is an example file.";

    try (BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(fileName))) {
      writer.write(content);
      System.out.println("Write to file success.");
    } catch (IOException e) {
      System.err.println("Failed to write to file.");
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
}

在上面的代码中,我们先定义了要写入的文件名和内容。然后,我们使用try-with-resources语句来打开一个文件输出流对象,并用BufferedWriter对其进行包装。使用write()方法将内容写入文件中。如果写入成功,则输出"Write to file success.",否则输出"Failed to write to file."和异常详细信息。

三、FileWriter

FileWriter是Java IO包中的类,提供了将字符写入文件的方法。使用该类的步骤如下:

import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;

public class WriteToFileExample {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    String fileName = "example.txt";
    String content = "This is an example file.";

    try (FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(fileName)) {
      writer.write(content);
      System.out.println("Write to file success.");
    } catch (IOException e) {
      System.err.println("Failed to write to file.");
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
}

在上面的代码中,我们先定义了要写入的文件名和内容。然后,我们使用try-with-resources语句来打开一个文件输出流对象。使用write()方法将字符写入文件中。如果写入成功,则输出"Write to file success.",否则输出"Failed to write to file."和异常详细信息。

四、小结

以上是三种用Java写文件的方法,根据不同的需求和场景可以选择适合的方法来实现数据写入文件的功能。

完整代码示例:

import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class WriteToFileExample1 {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    String fileName = "example1.txt";
    String content = "This is an example file.";

    try (OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(fileName)) {
      byte[] contentBytes = content.getBytes();
      os.write(contentBytes);
      System.out.println("Write to file success.");
    } catch (IOException e) {
      System.err.println("Failed to write to file.");
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
}

import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;

public class WriteToFileExample2 {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    String fileName = "example2.txt";
    String content = "This is an example file.";

    try (BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(fileName))) {
      writer.write(content);
      System.out.println("Write to file success.");
    } catch (IOException e) {
      System.err.println("Failed to write to file.");
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
}

import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;

public class WriteToFileExample3 {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    String fileName = "example3.txt";
    String content = "This is an example file.";

    try (FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(fileName)) {
      writer.write(content);
      System.out.println("Write to file success.");
    } catch (IOException e) {
      System.err.println("Failed to write to file.");
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }
}